understanding computer Introduction to the World of ComputersComputers in Your Life > Why Learn About Computers? > Computers in the Home > Computers in Education > Computers on the Job > Computers on the Go What Is a Computer and What DoesIt Do? > Data vs. Information > Computers Then and Now > Hardware > Software > Computer Users and Professionals Computers to Fit Every Need > Embedded Computers > Mobile Devices > Personal Computers (PCs) > Midrange Servers > Mainframe Computers > Supercomputers Computer Networks and the Internet > What Are the Internet and the World WideWeb? > Accessing a Network or the Internet > Surfing the Web > Searching the Web > E-Mail Computers and Society > Benefits of a Computer-OrientedSociety > Risks of a Computer-Oriented Society > Differences in Online Communications > The Anonymity Factor > Information Integrity The System Unit: Processing and MemoryData and Program Representation > Digital Data Representation > Representing Numerical Data: The BinaryNumbering System > Coding Systems for Text-Based Data > Coding Systems for Other Types of Data > Representing Software Programs: Machine Language StorageStorage Systems Characteristics > Storage Media and Storage Devices > Volatility > Random vs. Sequential Access > Logical vs. Physical Representation > Type of Storage Technology Used Hard Drives > Magnetic Hard Drives and Solid-State Drives (SSDs) > Internal and External Hard Drives > Hard Drive Speed, Disk Caching, and Hybrid Hard Drives > Hard Drive Partitioning and File Systems > Hard Drive Interface Standards Optical Discs> Optical Disc Characteristics > Read-Only Optical Discs: CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, and BD-ROM Discs > Recordable Optical Discs: CD-R, DVD-R,DVD+R, and BD-R Discs > Rewritable Optical Discs: CD-RW, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and BD-RE Discs Flash Memory > Flash Memory Cards > USB Flash Drives Other Types of Storage Systems > Network Storage and Online/Cloud S torage Systems > Smart Cards > Holographic Storage 1> Storage Systems for Large Computer Systems Input and Output System Software Application Software Computer Networks